监视可持续发展目标的成功

到目前为止，我们已经讨论了估计干预和计划影响的方法。但是，我们能否衡量我们的整体社会和经济进步，换句话说，所有参与进步的人的努力的影响？

可持续发展目标反映了进步的多维性，并代表了人类发展的最终标准。每个目标都提供了未来15年中要实现的特定目标。总共有17个目标有169个目标，并提出了304个指标以显示进度。

目标目的是在2030年之前实现指标s是可观察到的可测量的实体，可用于实践方式定义概念。

So, for example, inSDG 4: Quality Education， 首先目标is, 4.1, “to ensure that by 2030 all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes.”

1. 狭窄范围：未能包括政治和人权，平等以及对私营部门发展的环境问题，基础设施和条件的强调。
2. Forgetting the unmeasured:For example, education goals focused solely on primary level and the quantity of children in primary schools. Secondary and tertiary level were absent and the quality of education children received was not captured.
3. Easily measured:The MDGs focused predominantly on the material aspects of deprivation over non-material ones. This led to a more limited concept of what poverty was. Initially, this was not apparent as it took time for the MDGs to become influential in development policy making. By 2012, donors and developing country governments were aligning their policies to achieve improvements in the MDG indicators. It was at this point that the weaknesses in the MDGs became apparent. By contrast, the SDGs comprise both indicators and related targets for 2030.

For example, the newSDG 5: Gender Equality, seeks to achieve gender equality and empower women and girls. It is made up of seven international goals and five suggested complementary national indicators. Variation will exist in the number and type of national indicators. The twelve indicators of this goal are an attempt to capture as many dimensions of gender equality as is feasible.

While the SDGs overcome some of the weaknesses of the MDGs, a number of important issues remain.

• 第一的，国家统计(the data upon which the SDGs are built) come withtoo great a time lag– often three or more years late. They are all too often incomplete and of poor quality, especially from the poorest countries. The reality is that in many places, the数据不足for the goals to serve as either a management tool or as a real-time report card.

• Second, while the UN has called for greater investment in building independent, impartial, national statistical capabilities and strengthening standards, in reality the capacity for小国to collect the vast data required is likely to remain limited.

• Third, there is a more profound issue associated with governments and donors having a strong focus on the SDGs. The可持续发展目标没有提供有关最佳政策更改，优先级或发展路线图的指导. Essentially, they attempt to capture almost everything that can conceivably matter and is measurable. Policymakers are instead looking for strategies, linked to a theory of social or economic change, and investment priorities for their scarce resources.The SDGs simply do not provide this.

• Lastly, a final criticism is that a‘Revolution in Data’,正如联合国报告所称的那样，精英发展专业人员可能会引起强烈的兴趣not relevant to the lives of the poor.

让我们结束关于目标和指标的讨论。在MDGS的15年中取得了非常真实的进展。实现了许多全球目标。诚然，这主要是由亚洲和南美的表现以及中国和印度的强劲经济增长所驱动的。就是说，即使没有达到目标，撒哈拉以南非洲也取得了很多进展。

The progress reports of the MDGs made clear that future efforts should focus on failed states and areas of conflict.