CPD标准：CPD的国际方法

So, we are facing the question we have mentioned before and actually we’re not the only one facing the problem every country in the world try to maintain the competency and the professional ability of their pharmacists or other professionals So, right now we have two countries as our example and that make us to think about what is the model that has been done for the continuing professional development The first nation we’re going to look at is United Kingdom In this country many pharmacists intuitively grasp the deficiencies of the mandatory CE model but they still have some difficulty in fully adapting to the self-directed CPD approach There are considerable efforts has been undertaken to provide pharmacist with resource to self-assess learning needs and then to address personally identify learning objectives In UK, the Center for postgraduate pharmacy education designs and delivers a variety of programming in a variety of media based on learners’ self-identified needs This program required learning portfolio and learning portfolio is a tool used by all pharmacist to document learning needs achievements and outcomes It includes the statement of learning needs, evidence of what has been done to meet those learning needs and the documentation of the outcome associated with meeting those learning needs Annually on a random basis, pharmacists are selected to submit their learning portfolio for review by the regulatory body And then of these reviewed a further subset is selected to complete a maintenance of competency test to ensure their continuing professional development activities have indeed meaningful and have contributed to their knowledge and skills as pharmacists The tests consist of two parts The first one is a case-based open-book multiple-choice written exam of clinical knowledge The second part is an aid station OSCE in which standardized patients are used to portray patient in a pharmacy Throughout these years about 86% of pharmacist meets all practice standards on their first attempts of the test In those who fall below standards are moved from a self-directed CPD stream to a peer supported CPD stream In the peer supported CPD streams there is a peer mentors the peer mentors will facilitate the identification of learning needs and resources to address learning needs identified through the testing process Now, let’s look at the International pharmaceutical Federation GPP and there is a section focus on maintain and improve professional performance In the GPP that published by FIP they have four requirements for pharmacists

以下是：在所有情况下，药剂师的第一个关注点是患者的福利，这是第二大要求的第二要求是药房活动的核心是帮助患者充分利用药物，第三个要求是药剂师不可或缺的一部分贡献是促进理性和经济处方以及分配第四个药房服务元素的目标与患者有关，并且明确定义并有效地与所有相关人员进行了传达，而且GPP还需要药剂师的四个角色药剂师的角色是准备，获取安全，分发，管理，分配，处置和处置医疗产品的作用是药剂师的两个作用是提供有效的药物治疗管理角色三个是维护和提高专业绩效角色四个是贡献为了提高卫生系统，医疗保健系统和公共卫生的有效性，我们专注于GPP’s content on continuous professional development Pharmacists in each practice setting should accept personal responsibility for maintaining and assessing their own competence throughout their professional working lives And also, the national pharmacy professional organizations has obligation to reform the assessment and monitoring so, they could ensure that pharmacists maintained standards and comply with requirements for continuous professional development The educational programs for entry into the profession should appropriately address both current and foreseeable changes in pharmacy practice.

因此，该声明的重点是新的药剂师，即进入药学实践的职业，并且应该为他们提供一个教育计划，并且是一个劳动力框架，可通过在文档中继续专业发展计划来确保药房人员的能力CE计划可以互换使用，我们已经看到，药剂师的角色第三个角色是维持和改善专业绩效，而三个角色的功能是计划和实施持续的专业发展策略，以改善当前和未来绩效，应该为这些活动建立最低国家标准，药剂师应继续进行终身教育，并能够证明继续教育或继续专业发展的证据，以提高临床知识，技能和绩效第二个最低国家国家标准是PH武器家应采取步骤更新有关免费和替代疗法的知识和技能在可行的药学实践中，该声明不仅关注专业的临床知识和技能，还要求药剂师研究药房技术自动化的知识和技能，第四个是药剂师应采取措施才能成为告知并更新他们有关医疗产品信息更改的知识

药剂师还处理两种医疗产品（例如药物）的医疗产品或医疗设备

饮食补充剂，医疗设备药剂师也需要了解其最新知识和信息，以教育或咨询为患者的咨询提供咨询